Potentiometer

In the field of sensor technology, a potentiometer is an electromechanical component that measures linear or rotational position and converts it into an electrical signal. When referring to a potentiometer as a sensor today, it is important to note that it is connected as a voltage divider rather than as a variable resistor (rheostat).

The potentiometer consists mainly of a resistance element a movable wiper that divides the resistance. As the wiper moves along the resistive element, the resistance between the contacts changes, producing a proportional output voltage. This output voltage is a direct measure of the position. Thus, the potentiometer functions as a variable voltage divider in which the generated output voltage corresponds directly to the mechanical position. It is essential that the wiper voltage be measured without a load or with high input impedance.

Potentiometric sensors are extremely versatile and are used in a wide range of industrial applications. They play a central role in measurement and control technology and are used in machine control systems and automotive engineering. Typical applications include position sensing in joysticks, the control of flaps or valves, and the precise regulation of motor- or hydraulically-driven systems.

Thanks to their robust design and ability to operate in real time with low power consumption, potentiometric sensors are a cost-effective solution for many control and regulation tasks. They provide direct and precise feedback on the measured position using the simplest possible electrical method.